5.3
MEDIUM CVSS 4.0
CVE-2026-33170
Rails Active Support has a possible XSS vulnerability in SafeBuffer#%
Description

Active Support is a toolkit of support libraries and Ruby core extensions extracted from the Rails framework. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, `SafeBuffer#%` does not propagate the `@html_unsafe` flag to the newly created buffer. If a `SafeBuffer` is mutated in place (e.g. via `gsub!`) and then formatted with `%` using untrusted arguments, the result incorrectly reports `html_safe? == true`, bypassing ERB auto-escaping and possibly leading to XSS. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.

INFO

Published Date :

March 24, 2026, 12:16 a.m.

Last Modified :

March 24, 2026, 12:16 a.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-33170 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

No affected product recoded yet

CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 4.0 MEDIUM [email protected]
Solution
Update Active Support to patched versions to fix XSS vulnerability.
  • Update Active Support to version 8.1.2.1 or later.
  • Update Active Support to version 8.0.4.1 or later.
  • Update Active Support to version 7.2.3.1 or later.
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-33170 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-33170 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-33170 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-33170 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Mar. 24, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description Active Support is a toolkit of support libraries and Ruby core extensions extracted from the Rails framework. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, `SafeBuffer#%` does not propagate the `@html_unsafe` flag to the newly created buffer. If a `SafeBuffer` is mutated in place (e.g. via `gsub!`) and then formatted with `%` using untrusted arguments, the result incorrectly reports `html_safe? == true`, bypassing ERB auto-escaping and possibly leading to XSS. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CWE CWE-79
    Added Reference https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/50d732af3b7c8aaf63cbcca0becbc00279b215b7
    Added Reference https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/6e8a81108001d58043de9e54a06fca58962fc2db
    Added Reference https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/c1ad0e8e1972032f3395853a5e99cea035035beb
    Added Reference https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v7.2.3.1
    Added Reference https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.0.4.1
    Added Reference https://github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v8.1.2.1
    Added Reference https://github.com/rails/rails/security/advisories/GHSA-89vf-4333-qx8v
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.